The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis controls an animal's response to stress. When an animal perceives a threat, a cascade of hormones triggers the release of cortisol and adrenaline.

Veterinary behaviorists diagnose and treat a wide range of psychological conditions in companion animals, including: Separation Anxiety

Clinics use separate waiting areas for dogs and cats. Feliway (feline) and Adaptil (canine) pheromone diffusers are used to create a calming olfactory environment.

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