f=0.25[log10(ϵ3.7D+5.74Re0.9)]2f equals the fraction with numerator 0.25 and denominator open bracket log base 10 of open paren the fraction with numerator epsilon and denominator 3.7 cap D end-fraction plus the fraction with numerator 5.74 and denominator cap R e to the 0.9 power end-fraction close paren close bracket squared end-fraction
Selecting the correct pipe diameter is an optimization problem. A pipe that is too small leads to high velocities, excessive pressure drops, erosion, and high pumping costs. A pipe that is too large incurs unnecessary capital costs for materials, valves, supports, and insulation. Criteria for Line Sizing Criteria for Line Sizing Once the physical size
Once the physical size is determined, the pipe wall must be thick enough to safely contain the internal operating pressure at process temperatures. International Design Standards excessive pressure drops
Pρgthe fraction with numerator cap P and denominator rho g end-fraction = Pressure head Criteria for Line Sizing Once the physical size
Hydraulics calculates the Operating Pressure —what the system sees day-to-day.